MCQs PHARMACOLOGY: Cholinomimetic drugs

001. Acetylcholine is not a specific neurotransmitter at: a) Sympathetic ganglia b) Sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings c) Parasympathetic ganglia d) Parasympathetic postganglionic nerve endings


002. Muscarinic receptors are located in: a) Autonomic ganglia b) Skeletal muscle neuromuscular junctions c) Autonomic effector cells d) Sensory carotid sinus baroreceptor zone


003. Indicate the location of M2 cholinoreceptor type: a) Heart b) Glands c) Smooth muscle d) Endothelium


004. The symptoms of mushroom poisoning include all of the following EXCEPT: a) Salivation, lacrimation, nausea, vomiting b) Dryness of mouth, hyperpyrexia, hallucination c) Headache, abdominal colic d) Bradycardia, hypotension and shock


005. Which of the following cholinomimetics activates both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors? a) Lobeline b) Pilocarpine c) Nicotine d) Bethanechol


006. Indicate a cholinomimetic agent, which is related to direct-acting drugs: a) Edrophonium b) Physostigmine c) Carbachol d) Isoflurophate


007. Characteristics of carbachol include all of the following EXCEPT: a) It decreases intraocular pressure b) It causes mydriasis c) It exerts both nicotinic and muscarinic effects d) It is resistant to acethylcholiesterase


008. Acetylcholine is not used in clinical practice because: a) It is very toxic b) The doses required are very high c) It is very rapidly hydrolyzed d) It is very costly


009. Parasympathomimetic drugs cause: a) Bronchodilation b) Mydriasis c) Bradycardia d) Constipation


010. Which of the following direct-acting cholinomimetics is mainly muscarinic in action? a) Bethanechol b) Carbachol c) Acetylcholine d) None of the above


011. Which of the following direct-acting cholinomimetics has the shortest duration of action? a) Acetylcholine b) Methacholine c) Carbachol d) Bethanechol


012. Bethanechol has all of the following properties EXCEPT: a) It is extremely resistant to hydrolysis b) Purely muscarinic in its action c) It is used for abdominal urinary bladder distention d) It exerts both nicotinic and muscarinic effects


013. A M-cholinimimetic agent is: a) Carbachol b) Pilocarpine c) Acetylcholine d) Bethanechol


014. Characteristics of pilocarpine include all of the following EXCEPT: a) It is a tertiary amine alkaloid b) It causes miosis and a decrease in intraocular pressure c) Causes a decrease in secretory and motor activity of gut d) It is useful in the treatment of glaucoma


015. Which of the following cholinomimetics is a plant derivative with lower potency than nicotine but with a similar spectrum of action? a) Lobeline b) Pilocarpine c) Carbochol d) Acetylcholine


016. Which of the following cholinomimetics is indirect-acting? a) Lobeline b) Edrophonium c) Pilocarpine d) Carbachol


017. The mechanism of action of indirect-acting cholinomimetic agents is: a) Binding to and activation of muscarinic or nicotinic receptors b) Inhibition of the hydrolysis of endogenous acetylcholine c) Stimulation of the action of acetylcholinesterase d) Releasing acetylcholine from storage sites


018. Indicate a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor: a) Isoflurophate b) Carbochol c) Physostigmine d) Parathion


019. Which of the following cholinesterase inhibitors is irreversible? a) Physostigmine b) Edrophonium c) Neostigmine d) Isoflurophate


020. Indicate cholinesterase activator: a) Pralidoxime b) Edrophonium c) Pilocarpine d) Isoflurophate


021. Isofluorophate increases all of the following effects except: a) Lacrimation b) Bronchodilation c) Muscle twitching d) Salivation


022. Indicate a cholinesterase inhibitor, which has an additional direct nicotinic agonist effect: a) Edrophonium b) Carbochol c) Neostigmine d) Lobeline


023. Сholinesterase inhibitors do not produce: a) Bradycardia, no change or modest fall in blood pressure b) Increased strength of muscle contraction, especially in muscles weakened by myasthenia gravis c) Miosis and reduction of intraocular pressure d) Dramatic hypertension and tachycardia


024. Which of the following cholinomimetics is commonly used in the treatment of glaucoma? a) Pilocarpine b) Lobeline c) Acethylcholine d) Neostigmine


025. Indicate the organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor, which can be made up in an aqueous solution for ophthalmic use and retains its activity within a week: a) Physoctigmine b) Edrophonium c) Echothiophate d) Neostigmine


026. Which of the following cholinomimetics is most widely used for paralytic ileus and atony of the urinary bladder? a) Lobeline b) Neostigmine c) Pilocarpine d) Echothiophate


027. Chronic long-term therapy of myasthenia is usually accomplished with: a) Edrophonium b) Neostigmine c) Echothiophate d) Carbachol


028. Which of the following cholinomimetics is a drug of choice for reversing the effects of nondepolarizing neuromuscular relaxants? a) Echothiophate b) Physostigmine c) Edrophonium d) Pilocarpine


029. Indicate the reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, which penetrates the blood-brain barrier: a) Physostigmine b) Edrophonium c) Neostigmine d) Piridostigmine


030. Which of the following cholinomimetics is used in the treatment of atropine intoxication? a) Neostigmine b) Carbochol c) Physostigmine d) Lobeline


031. The symptoms of excessive stimulation of muscarinic receptors include all of the following EXCEPT: a) Abdominal cramps, diarrhea b) Increased salivation, excessive bronchial secretion c) Miosis, bradycardia d) Weakness of all skeletal muscles


032. The excessive stimulation of muscarinic receptors by pilocarpine and choline esters is blocked competitively by: a) Edrophonium b) Atropine c) Pralidoxime d) Echothiophate


033. The toxic effects of a large dose of nicotine include all of the following EXCEPT: a) Hypotension and bradycardia b) Convulsions, coma and respiratory arrest c) Skeletal muscle depolarization blockade and respiratory paralysis d) Hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias


034. The dominant initial sights of acute cholinesterase inhibitors intoxication include all of the following except: a) Salivation, sweating b) Mydriasis c) Bronchial constriction d) Vomiting and diarrhea


035. Which of the following drugs is used for acute toxic effects of organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitors? a) Atropine b) Pilocarpine c) Pralidoxime d) Edrophonium