cell physiology bds

CELL

1. An example of co-transport is:

a. Na+-K+ pump

b. Ca++ pump

c. Na+- H+ pump

d. Na+ glucose transport

e. Osmosis


2. The intracellular digestive system refers to:

a. Golgi apparatus

b. Mitochondria

c. Endoplasmic reticulum

d. Lysosomes

e. Vault

3. The fluidity of cell membrane is controlled by:

a. Cholesterol

b. Glycoproteins

c. Glycolipids

d. Phospholipids

e. Integral proteins

4. Positive feedback mechanism:

a. Regulates level of a substance in body fluids

b. Is useful in maintaining hormonal levels in the blood

c. Can lead to a vicious cycle

d. Decrease the cause or the initiating stimulus

e. Is used for blood pressure regulation

5. The enzymes for oxidative phosphorylation are present in:

a. Nucleus

b. Centrioles

c. Mitochondria

d. Golgi apparatus

e. Ribosomes

6. A pure phospholipid bi-layer (without protein) is most permeable to which of the following?

a. Sodium

b. Calcium

c. Chloride

d. Water

e. Oxygen

7. In order to accomplish homeostasis by a positive feedback mechanism:

a. Response should be opposite to the initiating stimulus

b. Response should strengthen the initiating stimulus

c. Response and stimulus both can interchange

d. Stimulus is opposite to the response at end

e. Response is neutralized by the stimulus

8. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for:

a. Peptide linkages

b. Synthesis of lipids

c. Protein packaging

d. Nutrient packaging

e. Metabolic supply

9. Primary and secondary active transport both:

a. Generate ATP

b. Are based on passive movement of sodium ions

c. Include the passive movement of glucose molecules

d. Use ATP directly

e. Move solutes against their concentration gradients

10. Cell membrane:

a. Contain relatively few protein molecules

b. Contain many carbohydrate molecules

c. Are freely permeable to electrolytes but not to proteins

d. Have variable protein and lipid contents depending on their location in the cell

e. Have a stable composition throughout the life of cell

11. The golgi complex

a. Is an organelle that participate in the breakdown of proteins and lipid

b. Is an organelle that participate in post-transtional processing of proteins

c. Is an organelle that participate in energy production

d. Is an organelle that participate in transcription and translation

e. Is a subcellular compartment that stores protein for trafficking to the nucleus

12. The primary force moving the water molecules from the blood plasma to the interstitial fluid is

a. Active transport

b. Cotransport of H ions

c. Facilitated diffusion

d. Cotransport with Na ions

e. Filtration



13. Simple and facilitated diffusion share the following characteristics

a. Can be blocked by specific inhibitors

b. Do not require ATP

c. Require transport protein

d. Transport protein against concentration gradient

e. Saturation kinetics

14. A person standing outside in a cold weather starts to shiver. Shivering on exposure to cold is the result of :

a. Positive feedback mechanism

b. Negative feedback mechanism

c. Feed forward control mechanism

d. Activation of warmth receptor

e. Deactivation of temperature regulation centre

15. The lysosomal enzymes are mostly:

a. Oxidases

b. Hydrolases

c. Oxygenases

d. Lipases

e. Reductases

16. The type of RNA involved in the regulation of gene expression is:

a. RNA

b. tRNA

c. mRNA

d. miRNA

e. RNA and tRNA

17. The inside of which organelle is more acidic than the rest of cytoplasm:

a. Lysosomes

b. Rough endoplasmic reticulum

c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

d. Mitochondria

e. Ribosomes

18. Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains:

a) The lowest possible energy usage

b) A relatively stable internal environment, within limits

c) A static state with no deviation from preset points

d) A changing state, within an unlimited range

e) Sometimes balanced and sometimes unbalanced state




19. The two body systems that regulate homeostasis are the:

a) cardiovascular and respiratory systems

b) cardiovascular and urinary systems

c) cardiovascular and endocrine systems

d) nervous and cardiovascular systems

e) nervous and endocrine systems

20. Which of the following best describes the endocrine system?

a) It regulates homeostasis by means of nerve impulses

b) It absorbs nutrients

c) It contains hair, skin, and nails

d) It produces blood cells that transport oxygen.

e) It is made up of glands that secrete hormones

21. The system that plays the major role in regulating the volume and chemical composition of blood, eliminating wastes, and regulating fluid and electrolyte balance is the:

a) respiratory system

b) cardiovascular system

c) endocrine system

d) urinary system

e) integumentary system

22. Homeostatsis is maintained primarily via

a. Negative feedback mechanism

b. Positive feedback mechanism

c. Primary active transpot

d. Secondary active transport

e. Diffusion

23. The Extracellular fluid is

a. 80% interstitial fluid and 20%plasma

b. 60% interstitial fluid and 40% plasma

c. 50% interstitial fluid and 50% plasma

d. 30% interstitial fluid and 70% plasma

e. 10% interstitial fluid and 90% plasma

24. The approximate extracellular fluid volume in a normal individual is:

a. 5% of body mass

b. 10% of body mass

c. 20% of body mass

d. 40% of body mass

e. 60% of body mass

25. Extracellular fluid

a. Has greater concentration of potassium ions as compared to intracellular fluid

b. Is 80% of the total body water

c. Has lesser concentration of calcium ions than that in the intracellular fluid

d. Includes plasma of blood

e. Has lesser concentration of sodium ions as compared to intracellular fluid



26. Nucleoli

a. Contain DNA

b. Have a limiting membrane

c. Contain RNA and proteins

d. Are present outside nucleus

e. Contain oxidative enzymes