Contents of FCPS-I Syllabus Page 2
Definition of immunity. Immune system and its functions. Morphology of lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages. Responses of T and B lymphocytes to antigens. Overview of the lymphocyte circulation. General concept of lymphocyte functions, immunoglobulins, classes of immunoglobulins and their basic structure. General concept of the complement system. Antigen-antibody reactions and their effects. Types of hypersensitivity reactions. Immunodeficiency disorders. Autoimmunity, transplantation of tissues (organs) and their rejections. H.L.A. (human leukocyte antigen) system.
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STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE BLOOD VASCULAR SYSTEM
Structure of large, medium and small arteries and veins, and its physiological implications. Various types of capillaries and sinusoids. Structural basis of transvascular exchanges. General structural features of atria, ventricles, conducting tissues, cardiac skeleton and valves of the heart, and their relationship to cardiac function. Blood supply of the heart.
Functions, amount, distribution and factors governing distribution and principles of measurement. Composition of intracellular and extracellular fluid. Regulation and disturbance of water and electrolyte balance. Regulation and disturbance of the pH of blood and acid-base balance. The physico-chemical principles of buffer solution, osmosis, osmotic pressure, colloids, crystalloids and Donnan equilibrium, oxidation and reduction.
General principles of the homeostatic mechanisms of the major functional systems.
BASIC CONCEPTS OF GENES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
Laws of inheritance and common genetically determined diseases (e.g. inherited disorders of metabolism).
General concepts of the chemical nature, mechanisms of action, conditions for enzyme action, their diagnostic significance and clinical uses.
HOSPITAL INFECTION
Definition of ischaemia and infarction, predisposing factors. Types and fate of infarcts.
Definition of oedema, anasarca, ascites, hydrothorax and hydropericardium (pericardial effusion). Difference between transudate and exudate. Types and pathogenesis of oedema.
Definition of thrombosis and thrombus. Pathogenesis of thrombosis. Types of thrombosis, arterial, venous, ante-mortem and post-mortem. Fate of thrombi and effects of thrombosis. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
Definition of embolism and an embolus. Types and effects of embolism.
Effects on the body of moderate and severe exercise.
